Prata, estanho, ouro e chumbo em Mumford (1934)

As we have seen, the earlier technical development had not involved a complete breach with the past. On the contrary, it had seized and appropriated and assimilated the technical innovations of other cultures, some very ancient, and the pattern of industry was wrought into the dominant pattern of life itself. Despite all the diligent mining for gold, silver, lead and tin in the sixteenth century, one could not call the civilization itself a mining civilization; and the handicraftsman’s world did not change completely when he walked from the workshop to the church, or left the garden behind his house to wander out into the open fields beyond the city’s walls. (Mumford 1934:153)

MUMFORD, Lewis. 1934. Technique and civilization. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company.