{"id":1787,"date":"2023-09-19T20:00:18","date_gmt":"2023-09-19T20:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.laspa.slg.br\/?page_id=1787"},"modified":"2023-09-19T20:00:18","modified_gmt":"2023-09-19T20:00:18","slug":"cobre-estanho-ouro-e-chumbo-em-mumford-1934","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.laspa.slg.br\/en\/projetos\/a-agencia-social-dos-elementos-quimicos\/levantamentos-da-presenca-de-elementos-quimicos-em-livros\/cobre-estanho-ouro-e-chumbo-em-mumford-1934\/","title":{"rendered":"Cobre, estanho, ouro e chumbo em Mumford (1934)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Physically speaking, wood has the qualities of both stone and metal: stronger in cross section than is stone, wood resembles steel in its physical properties: its relatively high tensile and compressive strength, together with its elasticity. Stone is a mass: but wood, by its nature, is already a structure. The difference in toughness, tensile strength, weight, and permeability of various species of wood, from pine to hornbeam, from cedar to teak, give wood a natural range of adaptability to various purposes that is matched in metals only as a result of a long evolution of metallurgical skill: <strong>lead<\/strong>, <strong>tin<\/strong>, <strong>copper<\/strong>, <strong>gold<\/strong>, and their alloys, the original assortment, offered a meagre choice of possibilities, and down to the end of the nineteenth century wood presented a greater variety. Since wood can be planed, sawed, turned, carved, split, sliced, and even softened and bent or cast, it is the most responsive of all materials to craftsmanship: it lends itself to the greatest variety of techniques. But in its natural state wood keeps the shape of the tree and retains its structure: and the original shape of the wood suggests appropriate tools and [79] adaptations of form. The curve of the branch forms the bracket, the forked stick forms the handle and the primitive type of plow. (Mumford 1934:78-9)<\/p>\n<p>MUMFORD, Lewis. 1934. <em>Technique and civilization<\/em>. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Physically speaking, wood has the qualities of both stone and metal: stronger in cross section than is stone, wood resembles steel in its physical properties: its relatively high tensile and compressive strength, together with its elasticity. Stone is a mass: but wood, by its nature, is already a structure. The difference in toughness, tensile strength, weight, and permeability of various [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":1212,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1787","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laspa.slg.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1787","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laspa.slg.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laspa.slg.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laspa.slg.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laspa.slg.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1787"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.laspa.slg.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1787\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1788,"href":"https:\/\/www.laspa.slg.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1787\/revisions\/1788"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.laspa.slg.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1212"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.laspa.slg.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1787"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}